Changes between Version 2 and Version 3 of TracStandalone


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Timestamp:
Aug 13, 2019, 3:52:01 PM (5 years ago)
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trac
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  • TracStandalone

    v2 v3  
    1 = Tracd = 
     1= Tracd 
    22 
    33Tracd is a lightweight standalone Trac web server. 
    44It can be used in a variety of situations, from a test or development server to a multiprocess setup behind another web server used as a load balancer. 
    55 
    6 == Pros == 
     6== Pros 
    77 
    88 * Fewer dependencies: You don't need to install apache or any other web-server. 
    … …  
    1010 * Automatic reloading: For development, Tracd can be used in ''auto_reload'' mode, which will automatically restart the server whenever you make a change to the code (in Trac itself or in a plugin). 
    1111 
    12 == Cons == 
     12== Cons 
    1313 
    1414 * Fewer features: Tracd implements a very simple web-server and is not as configurable or as scalable as Apache httpd. 
    1515 * No native HTTPS support: [http://www.rickk.com/sslwrap/ sslwrap] can be used instead, 
    16    or [http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy. 
    17  
    18 == Usage examples == 
     16   or [trac:wiki:STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy. 
     17 
     18== Usage examples 
    1919 
    2020A single project on port 8080. (http://localhost:8080/) 
    21 {{{ 
     21{{{#!sh 
    2222 $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project 
    2323}}} 
    24 Stricly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use ''--hostname'' option. 
    25 {{{ 
     24Strictly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use the `--hostname` option. 
     25{{{#!sh 
    2626 $ tracd --hostname=localhost -p 8080 /path/to/project 
    2727}}} 
    2828With more than one project. (http://localhost:8080/project1/ and http://localhost:8080/project2/) 
    29 {{{ 
     29{{{#!sh 
    3030 $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2 
    3131}}} 
    … …  
    3535 
    3636An alternative way to serve multiple projects is to specify a parent directory in which each subdirectory is a Trac project, using the `-e` option. The example above could be rewritten: 
    37 {{{ 
     37{{{#!sh 
    3838 $ tracd -p 8080 -e /path/to 
    3939}}} 
    4040 
    41 To exit the server on Windows, be sure to use {{{CTRL-BREAK}}} -- using {{{CTRL-C}}} will leave a Python process running in the background. 
    42  
    43 == Installing as a Windows Service == 
    44  
    45 === Option 1 === 
     41To exit the server on Windows, be sure to use `CTRL-BREAK` -- using `CTRL-C` will leave a Python process running in the background. 
     42 
     43== Installing as a Windows Service 
     44 
     45=== Option 1 
    4646To install as a Windows service, get the [http://www.google.com/search?q=srvany.exe SRVANY] utility and run: 
    47 {{{ 
     47{{{#!cmd 
    4848 C:\path\to\instsrv.exe tracd C:\path\to\srvany.exe 
    4949 reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters /v Application /d "\"C:\path\to\python.exe\" \"C:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py\" <your tracd parameters>" 
    … …  
    5454 
    5555If you want tracd to start automatically when you boot Windows, do: 
    56 {{{ 
     56{{{#!cmd 
    5757 sc config tracd start= auto 
    5858}}} 
    … …  
    7474 
    7575For Windows 7 User, srvany.exe may not be an option, so you can use [http://www.google.com/search?q=winserv.exe WINSERV] utility and run: 
    76 {{{ 
     76{{{#!cmd 
    7777"C:\path\to\winserv.exe" install tracd -displayname "tracd" -start auto "C:\path\to\python.exe" c:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py <your tracd parameters>" 
    78  
    7978net start tracd 
    8079}}} 
    8180 
    82 === Option 2 === 
     81=== Option 2 
    8382 
    8483Use [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/WindowsServiceScript WindowsServiceScript], available at [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks]. Installs, removes, starts, stops, etc. your Trac service. 
    8584 
    86 === Option 3 === 
     85=== Option 3 
    8786 
    8887also cygwin's cygrunsrv.exe can be used: 
    89 {{{ 
     88{{{#!sh 
    9089$ cygrunsrv --install tracd --path /cygdrive/c/Python27/Scripts/tracd.exe --args '--port 8000 --env-parent-dir E:\IssueTrackers\Trac\Projects' 
    9190$ net start tracd 
    9291}}} 
    9392 
    94 == Using Authentication == 
    95  
    96 Tracd allows you to run Trac without the need for Apache, but you can take advantage of Apache's password tools (htpasswd and htdigest) to easily create a password file in the proper format for tracd to use in authentication. (It is also possible to create the password file without htpasswd or htdigest; see below for alternatives) 
     93== Using Authentication 
     94 
     95Tracd allows you to run Trac without the need for Apache, but you can take advantage of Apache's password tools (`htpasswd` and `htdigest`) to easily create a password file in the proper format for tracd to use in authentication. (It is also possible to create the password file without `htpasswd` or `htdigest`; see below for alternatives) 
     96 
     97{{{#!div style="border: 1pt dotted; margin: 1em" 
     98**Attention:** Make sure you place the generated password files on a filesystem which supports sub-second timestamps, as Trac will monitor their modified time and changes happening on a filesystem with too coarse-grained timestamp resolution (like `ext2` or `ext3` on Linux, or HFS+ on OSX). 
     99}}} 
    97100 
    98101Tracd provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. Digest is considered more secure. The examples below use Digest; to use Basic authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` in the command line. 
    99102 
    100103The general format for using authentication is: 
    101 {{{ 
     104{{{#!sh 
    102105 $ tracd -p port --auth="base_project_dir,password_file_path,realm" project_path 
    103106}}} 
    … …  
    115118Examples: 
    116119 
    117 {{{ 
     120{{{#!sh 
    118121 $ tracd -p 8080 \ 
    119122   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" /path/to/project1 
    … …  
    121124 
    122125Of course, the password file can be be shared so that it is used for more than one project: 
    123 {{{ 
     126{{{#!sh 
    124127 $ tracd -p 8080 \ 
    125128   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \ 
    … …  
    129132 
    130133Another way to share the password file is to specify "*" for the project name: 
    131 {{{ 
     134{{{#!sh 
    132135 $ tracd -p 8080 \ 
    133136   --auth="*,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com" \ 
    … …  
    135138}}} 
    136139 
    137 === Basic Authorization: Using a htpasswd password file === 
     140=== Basic Authorization: Using a htpasswd password file 
    138141This section describes how to use `tracd` with Apache .htpasswd files. 
    139142 
    140   Note: It is necessary (at least with Python 2.6) to install the fcrypt package in order to 
    141   decode some htpasswd formats.  Trac source code attempt an `import crypt` first, but there 
    142   is no such package for Python 2.6. Only `SHA-1` passwords (since Trac 1.0) work without this module. 
     143  Note: On Windows It is necessary to install the [https://pypi.python.org/pypi/passlib passlib] 
     144  package in order to decode some htpasswd formats. Only `SHA-1` passwords (since Trac 1.0) 
     145  work without this module. 
    143146 
    144147To create a .htpasswd file use Apache's `htpasswd` command (see [#GeneratingPasswordsWithoutApache below] for a method to create these files without using Apache): 
    145 {{{ 
     148{{{#!sh 
    146149 $ sudo htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username 
    147150}}} 
    148151then for additional users: 
    149 {{{ 
     152{{{#!sh 
    150153 $ sudo htpasswd /path/to/env/.htpasswd username2 
    151154}}} 
    152155 
    153156Then to start `tracd` run something like this: 
    154 {{{ 
    155  $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="projectdirname,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /fullpath/environmentname 
     157{{{#!sh 
     158 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="project,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /path/to/project 
    156159}}} 
    157160 
    158161For example: 
    159 {{{ 
    160  $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="testenv,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /srv/tracenv/testenv 
     162{{{#!sh 
     163 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="project,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /path/to/project 
    161164}}} 
    162165''Note:'' You might need to pass "-m" as a parameter to htpasswd on some platforms (OpenBSD). 
    163166 
    164 === Digest authentication: Using a htdigest password file === 
     167=== Digest authentication: Using a htdigest password file 
    165168 
    166169If you have Apache available, you can use the htdigest command to generate the password file. Type 'htdigest' to get some usage instructions, or read [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/htdigest.html this page] from the Apache manual to get precise instructions.  You'll be prompted for a password to enter for each user that you create.  For the name of the password file, you can use whatever you like, but if you use something like `users.htdigest` it will remind you what the file contains. As a suggestion, put it in your <projectname>/conf folder along with the [TracIni trac.ini] file. 
    … …  
    168171Note that you can start tracd without the `--auth` argument, but if you click on the ''Login'' link you will get an error. 
    169172 
    170 === Generating Passwords Without Apache === 
    171  
    172 Basic Authorization can be accomplished via this [http://aspirine.org/htpasswd_en.html online HTTP Password generator] which also supports `SHA-1`.  Copy the generated password-hash line to the .htpasswd file on your system. Note that Windows Python lacks the "crypt" module that is the default hash type for htpasswd ; Windows Python can grok MD5 password hashes just fine and you should use MD5. 
    173  
    174 You can use this simple Python script to generate a '''digest''' password file: 
    175  
    176 {{{ 
    177 #!python 
    178 from optparse import OptionParser 
    179 # The md5 module is deprecated in Python 2.5 
    180 try: 
    181     from hashlib import md5 
    182 except ImportError: 
    183     from md5 import md5 
    184 realm = 'trac' 
    185  
    186 # build the options 
    187 usage = "usage: %prog [options]" 
    188 parser = OptionParser(usage=usage) 
    189 parser.add_option("-u", "--username",action="store", dest="username", type = "string", 
    190                   help="the username for whom to generate a password") 
    191 parser.add_option("-p", "--password",action="store", dest="password", type = "string", 
    192                   help="the password to use") 
    193 parser.add_option("-r", "--realm",action="store", dest="realm", type = "string", 
    194                   help="the realm in which to create the digest") 
    195 (options, args) = parser.parse_args() 
    196  
    197 # check options 
    198 if (options.username is None) or (options.password is None): 
    199    parser.error("You must supply both the username and password") 
    200 if (options.realm is not None): 
    201    realm = options.realm 
    202     
    203 # Generate the string to enter into the htdigest file 
    204 kd = lambda x: md5(':'.join(x)).hexdigest() 
    205 print ':'.join((options.username, realm, kd([options.username, realm, options.password]))) 
    206 }}} 
    207  
    208 Note: If you use the above script you must set the realm in the `--auth` argument to '''`trac`'''. Example usage (assuming you saved the script as trac-digest.py): 
    209  
    210 {{{ 
    211  $ python trac-digest.py -u username -p password >> c:\digest.txt 
    212  $ tracd --port 8000 --auth=proj_name,c:\digest.txt,trac c:\path\to\proj_name 
     173=== Generating Passwords Without Apache 
     174 
     175Basic Authorization can be accomplished via this [http://aspirine.org/htpasswd_en.html online HTTP Password generator] which also supports `SHA-1`.  Copy the generated password-hash line to the .htpasswd file on your system. Note that Windows Python lacks the "crypt" module that is the default hash type for htpasswd. Windows Python can grok MD5 password hashes just fine and you should use MD5. 
     176 
     177Trac also provides `htpasswd` and `htdigest` scripts in `contrib`: 
     178{{{#!sh 
     179$ ./contrib/htpasswd.py -cb htpasswd user1 user1 
     180$ ./contrib/htpasswd.py -b htpasswd user2 user2 
     181}}} 
     182 
     183{{{#!sh 
     184$ ./contrib/htdigest.py -cb htdigest trac user1 user1 
     185$ ./contrib/htdigest.py -b htdigest trac user2 user2 
    213186}}} 
    214187 
    215188==== Using `md5sum` 
    216189It is possible to use `md5sum` utility to generate digest-password file: 
    217 {{{ 
     190{{{#!sh 
    218191user= 
    219192realm= 
    … …  
    223196}}} 
    224197 
    225 == Reference == 
     198== Reference 
    226199 
    227200Here's the online help, as a reminder (`tracd --help`): 
    … …  
    259232Use the -d option so that tracd doesn't hang if you close the terminal window where tracd was started. 
    260233 
    261 == Tips == 
    262  
    263 === Serving static content === 
     234== Tips 
     235 
     236=== Serving static content 
    264237 
    265238If `tracd` is the only web server used for the project,  
    … …  
    272245Example: given a `$TRAC_ENV/htdocs/software-0.1.tar.gz` file, 
    273246the corresponding relative URL would be `/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz`,  
    274 which in turn can be written as `htdocs:software-0.1.tar.gz` (TracLinks syntax) or `[/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz]` (relative link syntax).  
    275  
    276  ''Support for `htdocs:` TracLinks syntax was added in version 0.10'' 
     247which in turn can be written as `htdocs:software-0.1.tar.gz` (TracLinks syntax) or `[/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz]` (relative link syntax). 
    277248 
    278249=== Using tracd behind a proxy 
    … …  
    287258 
    288259=== Authentication for tracd behind a proxy 
    289 It is convenient to provide central external authentication to your tracd instances, instead of using {{{--basic-auth}}}. There is some discussion about this in #9206. 
     260It is convenient to provide central external authentication to your tracd instances, instead of using `--basic-auth`. There is some discussion about this in [trac:#9206]. 
    290261 
    291262Below is example configuration based on Apache 2.2, mod_proxy, mod_authnz_ldap. 
    … …  
    293264First we bring tracd into Apache's location namespace. 
    294265 
    295 {{{ 
     266{{{#!apache 
    296267<Location /project/proxified> 
    297268        Require ldap-group cn=somegroup, ou=Groups,dc=domain.com 
    … …  
    304275 
    305276Then we need a single file plugin to recognize HTTP_REMOTE_USER header as valid authentication source. HTTP headers like '''HTTP_FOO_BAR''' will get converted to '''Foo-Bar''' during processing. Name it something like '''remote-user-auth.py''' and drop it into '''proxified/plugins''' directory: 
    306 {{{ 
    307 #!python 
     277{{{#!python 
    308278from trac.core import * 
    309279from trac.config import BoolOption 
    … …  
    326296 
    327297Add this new parameter to your TracIni: 
    328 {{{ 
    329 ... 
     298{{{#!ini 
    330299[trac] 
    331300... 
    … …  
    335304 
    336305Run tracd: 
    337 {{{ 
    338 tracd -p 8101 -r -s proxified --base-path=/project/proxified 
     306{{{#!sh 
     307tracd -p 8101 -s proxified --base-path=/project/proxified 
    339308}}} 
    340309 
    … …  
    342311 
    343312Global config (e.g. `/srv/trac/conf/trac.ini`): 
    344 {{{ 
     313{{{#!ini 
    345314[components] 
    346315remote-user-auth.* = enabled 
    … …  
    352321 
    353322Environment config (e.g. `/srv/trac/envs/myenv`): 
    354 {{{ 
     323{{{#!ini 
    355324[inherit] 
    356325file = /srv/trac/conf/trac.ini 
    357326}}} 
    358327 
    359 === Serving a different base path than / === 
     328=== Serving a different base path than / 
    360329Tracd supports serving projects with different base urls than /<project>. The parameter name to change this is 
    361 {{{ 
     330{{{#!sh 
    362331 $ tracd --base-path=/some/path 
    363332}}}