1953: Key Events

• The state of Andhra Pradesh, merging the former Central Provinces and Telangana, is formed, with the cessation of the CPI-led insurrection.

• Sheikh Abdullah, former Prime Minister of Kashmir, is arrested and imprisoned. Until 1975, Kashmir’s politics are largely determined by the central government.

• The Sangeet Natak Akademi is launched to support and fund music and theatre; it is the first of the three autonomous institutions intended to channel government spending on the arts.

• Do Bigha Zameen, showing the influence of Italian neo-realism, receives a special mention at Cannes (1954) and the Social Progress Award at Karlovy Vary.

• Prabhat Studio ceases production.

• Sharey Chuattar, the first film starring Uttam Kumar and Suchitra Sen.

• The Cinematograph Act is amended, extending the powers of various authorities to suspend exhibition of certificated films.

• The Film Federation of India accepts an Advertisement Code.

• The trade weekly Trade Guide (edited B. K. Adarsh) is started; it remains the main Hindi film trade paper.

• Filmfare inaugurates its annual awards.